1.Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis

Common at Kosi Tappu, most in breeding plumage.

2.Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus

Single bird on Kosi River on 14th.

3.Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo

Fairly common at Kosi Tappu and Kosi Barrage and several seen on Rapti River on 18th.

4.Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger

Very common at Kosi Tappu and Gaida.

5.Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster

Two birds seen near Kosi Tappu on 14th.

6.Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus

Recorded near Watchtower at Kosi Tappu by other observers on 14th.

7.Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax

Flock at dusk 13/14th at Kosi Tappu and 2 birds seen at Gaida on 18th.

8.Striated Heron Butorides striatus

Two birds near Ibisbill site, Hetauda on 18th.

9.Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayi

Seen at most locations throughout tour.

10.Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis

Seen at most locations throughout tour.

11.Little Egret Egretta garzetta

One seen at Gorkana on 11th, and many at Kosi Tappu.

12.Intermediate Egret Egretta intermedia

Common at Kosi Tappu during stay.

13.Great White Egret Egretta alba

Fairly common at Kosi Tappu and also seen at Gaida on 18th.

14.Grey Heron Ardea cinerea

Small numbers on Kosi and Rapti Rivers from 13-18th.

15.Purple Heron Ardea purpurea

Up to 3 birds regularly seen at Kosi Tappu.

16.Asian Openbill Stork Anastomus oscitans

Common in fields around Kosi Tappu and single seen at Gaida on 20th.

17.Black Stork Ciconia nigra

3 birds at Kosi Tappu on 16th, up to 10 in a tree between Hetauda and Machan on 17th.

18.White-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus

Single at Gaida on the 19th.

19.Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus

Single at Kosi Tappu on 16th.

20.Lesser Adjutant Stork Leptoptilos javanicus

Fairly common in fields around Kosi Tappu, a nest with well-developed young found on main east-west highway beteen Kamala and Bagmati Rivers on 16th. Several in trees at Gaida on 18th.

21.Red-naped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa

Up to 50 birds at Kosi Tappu, and small flock on Rapti River near Machan on 16th.

22.Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus

Small flocks present at Kosi Tappu.

23.Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia

Maximum of 50 birds at Kosi Tappu.

24.Lesser Whistling Duck Dendrocygna javanicus

A flock of up to 60 birds was present at Kosi Tappu throughout our stay.

25.Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea

Common on Kosi and Rapti Rivers.

26.Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope

Up to 5 birds with other duck species on Kosi River near Kosi Tappu on 14th.

27.Gadwall Anas strepera

Around a dozen birds roosting with other duck species on Kosi River near Kosi Tappu on 14th.

28.Common Teal Anas crecca

Small flocks at Kosi Tappu throughout stay.

29.Mallard Anas platyrhnchos

Up to 20 birds roosting with other duck species on Kosi River near Kosi Tappu on 14th.

30.Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha

An odd, possible hybrid duck was seen at Kosi Tappu on the 14th, but tentatively identified as this species.

31.Northern Pintail Anas acuta

Up to 50 birds in duck roost on Kosi River near Kosi Tappu on 14th.

32.Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata

12 birds counted in duck roost on Kosi River near Kosi Tappu on 14th.

33.Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca

Six birds near Watchtower at Kosi Tappu on 14th.

34.Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula

Flock of 20 birds flew north on Kosi River on 14th.

35.Goosander Mergus merganser

Small numbers on Kosi River during stay, and also seen on Rapti River near Hetauda on 18th.

36.Black-shouldered Kite Elanus caeruleus

Three birds seen in fields near Kosi Tappu and Kosi Barrage.

37.Black Kite Milvus migrans

Seen throughout tour but fairly scarce at Kosi Tappu.

38.White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla

1-2 birds on western side of Kosi River near Kosi Tappu on 14th.

39.Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus

Seen by some observers at Biritnagar Airport on 13th.

40.Oriental White-backed Vulture Gyps bengalensis

Fairly common between Biritnagar and Chitwan.

41.Long-billed Vulture Gyps indicus

Seen at Biritnagar Airport and around 6 above main Mugling-Kathmandu road on 20th.

42.Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela

First seen in Sal forest near Parsa Wildlife Refuge and then fairly regularly in Chitwan.

43.Eurasian Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus

Several birds at Kosi Tappu (including a male of the Eastern subspecies spilonotus), and a single near Machan.

44.Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus

Single male at Kosi Tappu on 14th.

45.Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus

Single male with male Pied Harrier at Kosi Tappu on 13th.

46.Pied Harrier Circus melanoleucus

Two males at Kosi Tappu on 13th.

Harrier sp.

Several `Ringtails' were observed, one slight bird was dark, almost black with a white rump, possibly a melanistic Pallid or Montagues?

47.Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus

Singles fairly widespread, one at seen at Kosi Tappu attempted to catch a Lesser Pied Kingfisher, and a pair were seen displaying near the centre of Kathmandu.

48.White-eyed Buzzard Butastur teesa

Single near Watchtower at Kosi Tappu was seen on consecutive days. One was seen near road from Kosi Barrage to Chitwan.

49.Common Buzzard Buteo buteo

Several were seen around Kathmandu during the first couple of days and one was at Kosi Tappu on 16th.

50.Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus

One was positively identified flying over the Godaveri Fish-Farm on the 21st.

51.Upland Buzzard Buteo hemilasius

A possible of this species flew around the Hotel Blue Star, Kathmandu on 22nd, it was large, more grey than brown and had large white `windows' on the upperwings and was constantly harassed by House Crows.

52.Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga

A single of this species was soaring over Gorkarna with Black Kites on 11th.

53.Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis

Fairly common at Gorkana with other raptors, also seen at Biritnagar and Kosi Tappu.

54.Changeable Hawk-eagle Spizaetus cirrhatus

Bird identified as this species at Machan, but at quite a distance.

55.Osprey Pandion haliaetus

One was at Kosi Tappu on the 14th, another at Gaida on the 20th.

56.Collared Falconet Microhierax caerulescens

A single bird was seen by one observer whilst searching for Ibisbill at Hetauda on the 18th.

57.Kestrel Falco tinnunculus

Singles seen in the Kathmandu Valley, at Kosi Tappu and Machan.

58.Red-necked Falcon Falco chicquera

Single at Kosi Tappu on 16th.

59.Amur Falcon Falco amurensis

Single seen by some observers between Kosi Barrage and Chitwan on 16th.

60.Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus

Singles seen at Monkey Temple, Swayambhunath, near Kathmandu, Kosi Tappu and another chasing hirundines near Machan.

61.Swamp Francolin Francolinus gularis

Two birds crossing embankment at Kosi Tappu on 14th.

62.Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus

Fairly common at Machan.

63.Kalij Pheasant Lophura leucomelana

Single disturbed on track near top of Pulchowki, was seen by several observers as it complained with a curious unpheasant-like call.

64.Blue Peafowl Pavo cristatus

Common near Gaida camp on 18th.

65.Baillon's Crake Porzana pusilla

Single was present near footbridge at Kosi Tappu throughout stay.

66.Ruddy-breasted Crake Porzana fusca

Fairly common at Kosi Tappu during stay.

67.Brown Crake Amaurornis akool

Seen by most observers at Machan and Gaida.

68.White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus

First seen at Kosi Tappu and reported by some observers at Chitwan.

69.Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus

Seen at Kosi Tappu and Chitwan.

70.Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio

Single reported by most observers from near Watchtower at Kosi Tappu.

71.Eurasian Coot Fulica atra

Common at Kosi Tappu and seen at Chitwan.

72.Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirugus

Several seen on ponds at Kosi Tappu with Bronze-winged Jacana.

73.Bronze-winged Jacana Metopidius indicus

Common at Kosi Tappu during stay.

74.Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus

Reported by two observers on Kosi River near Kosi Tappu.

75.Greater Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis

Single bird flushed from Rapti River near Machan on the 18th.

76.Ibisbill Ibidorhyncha struthersii

Five birds only present at well-known site near Hetauda.

77.Eurasian Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus

Single seen at dusk at Kosi Tappu on 13th.

78.Great Thick-knee Esacus recurvirostris

A pair was seen by the Rapti River at Machan by some lucky observers on the 17th.

79.Little Pratincole Glareola lactea

Distant views of a single observed as we crossed Bagmati River on journey betwen Kosi and Chitwan, Although those observers that were fortunate enough to see the previous species also obtained good views of this one at the same spot!

80.Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius

Fairly common near water throughout tour.

81.Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus

One pair at Kosi Barrage on 15th.

82.River Lapwing Hoplopterus duvaucelli

Several encountered on Rapti River near Machan and single on Trisuli River between Mugling and Kathmandu.

83.Red-wattled Lapwing Hoplopterus indicus

Surprisingly, only encountered at Kosi Tappu where fairly common.

84.Temminck's Stint Calidris temminckii

Seen by several observers but by author only on Rapti River near Gaida.

85.Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago

Seen by some observers at Kosi Tappu.

86.Pintail Snipe Gallinago stenura

Good views obtained of a single at Kosi Tappu on 14th.

87.Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola

Single flushed in woodland at Gorkana on 11th.

88.Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata

Small flocks seen at Kosi Tappu.

89.Common Redshank Tringa totanus

Single seen on Rapti River near Machan on 18th.

90.Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus

Singles seen at Gorkana, Kosi Tappu, and near Hetauda.

91.Great Black-headed Gull Larus ichthyaetus

Single at Kosi Barrage was the only gull species we recorded in Nepal.

92.River Tern Sterna aurantia

Several seen on Kosi River at Kosi Barrage and Kosi Tappu.

93.Black-bellied Tern Sterna acuticauda

Fairly common at Kosi Tappu and Kosi Barrage.

94.Rock Pigeon Columba livia

Seen on Trisuli River near Mugling.

95.Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto

Common between Biritnagar and Chitwan.

96.Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis

Seen at Kosi Tappu and Godaveri Botanic Gardens.

97.Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis

Common at Kosi Tappu.

98.Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica

Heard at Machan and seen at Gaida.

99.Yellow-footed Green Pigeon Treron phoenicoptera

Seen by some observers near Hetauda.

100.Alexandrine Parakeet Psittacula eupatria

Seen at Gaida on 20th.

101.Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri

Seen in most areas during visit.

102.Slaty-headed Parakeet Psittacula himalayana

Single calling from Kapok tree in Machan.

103.Plum-headed Parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala

First seen coming into roosts with Rose-ringed Parakeet near Parsa Wildlife Refuge and then occasionally at Machan.

104.Moustached Parakeet Psittacula alexandri

Large flocks at Gaida were the only ones encountered.

105.Grey-bellied Plaintive Cuckoo Cacomantis passerinus

Single in trees at Godaveri Fish Farm was originally thought to be a Black-winged Cuckoo-shrike Coracias melaschistos until our Nepalese guide put us on the right track!

106.Green-billed Malkoha Phaenicophaeus tristis

One bird was seen on two occasions around the accomodation at Machan.

107.Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis

Only encountered at Chitwan and Kosi Tappu where fairly common.

108.Lesser Coucal Centropus bengalensis

Rather poor views of a single in Elephant-Grass at Machan.

109.Spot-bellied Eagle Owl Bubo nipalensis

At Machan, a rather difficult bird to find and then always flew off before good views were obtained.

110.Brown Fish Owl Ketupo zeylonensis

A pair was observed at dusk at a well-known stake-out on the river near the accomodation at Gaida.

111.Jungle Owlet Glaucidium radiatum

First seen near the footbridge at the entrance to Machan and then near the accomodation at Gaida.

112.Asian Barred Owlet Glaucidium cuculoides

Single was seen by some observers at Godaveri Botanic Gardens.

113.Spotted Owlet Athene brama

Seen poorly at dusk behind accomodation at Gaida.

114.Himalayan Swiftlet Collocalia brevirostris

A single originally identified as Indian Edible-nest Swiftlet C. unicolor at Kosi Tappu was probably this species.

115.Alpine Swift Apus melba

First seen at Kosi Tappu on the 14th and large flocks flew above main Kosi-Chitwan road on 16th, A single was seen near Mugling on the 20th.

116.House Swift Apus affinis

Only encountered in Kathmandu Valley, large numbers were over the city on the 23rd.

117.Asian Palm Swift Cypsiurus balasiensis

A single was over the tented camp at Kosi Tappu on the 15th.

118.Crested Tree Swift Hemiprocne coronata

Three groups encountered, one on main Kosi-Chitwan road on the 16th, another at Machan on 17th and some near Hetauda on the 18th.

119.Red-headed Trogon Harpactes erythrocephalus

Single observed by most viewers at Machan on 17th and up to 4 birds seen in forest near Gaida on the 19th.

120.White-throated Kingfisher Halycon smyrnensis

One of the more obvious birds seen on the tour, was observed near wetland on most days.

122.Stork-billed Kingfisher Pelargopsis capensis

Seen at Kosi Tappu, near Kosi Barrage and Gaida.

123.Eurasian Kingfisher Alcedo atthis

Common at Kosi Tappu, and seen on Rapti and Trisuli Rivers.

124.Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis

Common at Kosi Tappu and Barrage but rarely seen elsewhere.

125.Crested Kingfisher Ceryle lugubris

After observing the Trisuli River from Mugling towards Kathmandu, we finally found one of these magnificent birds perched on a boulder overlooking the water.

126.Little Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis

Only encountered at Kosi Tappu, where birds colour looked a far more stunning green than those seen in the Middle-East.

127.Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti

Small numbers seen between Biritnagar and Kosi Tappu.

128.Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis

Observed only in lowland areas, west of Kosi Barrage to Chitwan.

129.Hoopoe Upupa epops

Seen only twice at Kosi Tappu.

130.Oriental Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros albirostris

Small flock feeding on fruit tree at Machan.

131.Great Hornbill Buceros bicornis

Seen by some lucky tour members on the following day in the same tree as the previous species.

132.Great Barbet Megalaima virens

This magnificent bird was seen or heard on most days at Pulchowki and Gorkana.

133.Lineated Barbet Megalaima lineata

Observed at Machan and Gaida.

134.Blue-throated Barbet Megalaima asiatica

Seen close to Kathmandu Airport at Pashupatinath and in forest near Gaida on the 19th.

135.Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla

Single at Kosi Tappu on 14th.

136.Speckled Piculet Picumnus innominatus

Only seen at Godaveri Botanic Gardens on the 23rd.

137.Rufous Woodpecker Celeus brachyurus

Pair seen in forest near Gaida on the 19th.

138.Lesser Yellow-naped Woodpecker Picus chloropus

Common at Machan and Gaida.

139.Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus

Known as Black-naped Woodpecker in Nepal, was fairly common in Machan and Gaida.

140.Himalayan Flameback Dinopium shorii

Several seen at Machan.

141.Black-rumped Flameback Dinopium benghalense

Fairly common at Machan and Gaida.

142.Greater Flameback Chrysocolaptes lucidus

Pair seen in forest near Gaida.

143.Darjeeling Woodpecker Dendrocopus darjellensis

Several at Pulchowki on the 10th.

144.Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker Dendrocopus macei

145.Seen at Gorkana, Pashupatinath, Machan and Godaveri Fish Farm.

146.Grey-capped Pygmy Woodpecker Dendrocopus canicapillus

Common at Machan and Gaida.

147.Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker Dendrocopus nanus

Frequently seen at Chitwan in bird `waves'along with previous species.

148.Rufous-winged Bushlark Mirafra assamica

Only seen in grazed areas at Kosi Tappu.

149.Sand Lark Calandrella raytal

Only encountered at Kosi Barrage where present in small flocks.

150.Plain Martin Riparia paludicola

Common on the Rapti River, at Gaida a bird was noted with albinistic tail feathers.

151.Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica

Very common throughout tour, birds appeared to have either white or pale russet underparts.

152.Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica

Common at Kosi Tappu and Chitwan.

153.Nepal House Martin Delichon nipalensis

Seen only on the first two days in Kathmandu.

154.Richard's Pipit Anthus novaseelandiae

Only observations were at Kosi Tappu and Kathmandu before boarding plane to depart.

155.Paddyfield Pipit Anthus (n.?) rufulus

Birds thought to be this (sub?)species were recorded at Gorkana and Kosi Tappu.

156.Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni

Common in most areas throughout tour, good observations in Nepal have enabled me to confirm a bird seen in Saudi Arabia in March 1.

157.Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis

Some observers reported seeing this bird at Gorkana on the 11th.

158.Rosy Pipit Anthus roseatus

First seen close to Hotel in Kathmandu, fairly often at Kosi Tappu and several seen near Rapti River at Hetauda.

159.Upland Pipit Anthus sylvanus

A possible of this species was seen just outside Kathmandu International Airport on arrival in Nepal.

160.Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava

Only recorded for certain near Kosi Tappu.

161.Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola

Common at Kosi Tappu and Chitwan.

162.Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea

Seen frequently when searching for Forktails at Godaveri.

163.White Wagtail Motacilla alba

Common in a variety of plumages throughout tour.

164.White-browed Wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis

First seen for certain at Kosi Tappu and frequently at Chitwan.

165.Common Woodshrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus

Seen only at Machan in bird `waves'.

166.Large Woodshrike Tephrodornis gularis

Other observers recorded this bird at Machan.

167.Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike Hemipus picatus

First recorded in bird `wave' at Gorkana on 11th, then near Parsa Wildlife Refuge on 16th and frequently at Machan on 17th.

168.Large Cuckoo-shrike Coracina macei

Seen at Kosi Tappu, Machan and Gaida.

169.Scarlet Minivet Pericrocotus flammeus

Flocks seen at Gorkana, Parsa, Chitwan and Godaveri.

170.Black-crested Bulbul Pycnonotus melanicterus

Singles reported by some observers at Chitwan and Pulchowki.

171.Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus

Recorded at Kosi Tappu and Gaida.

172.White-cheeked Bulbul Pycnonotus leucogenys

Common in most areas visited.

173.Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer

Very common throughout tour.

174.Mountain Bulbul Hypsipetes mcclellandi

Only observed in Godaveri Fish Farm and lower slopes of Pulchowki.

175.Black Bulbul Hypsipetes leucocephalus

Very common in sites in the Kathmandu Valley.

176.Golden-fronted Leafbird Chloropsis aurifrons

First seen in "Sal" forest near Parsa Wildlife Refuge and then at Machan and Gaida.

177.Brown Dipper Cinclus pallasii

Several were seen when searching for Little Forktails at Mugling on the 20th.

178.Northern Wren Troglodytes troglodytes

Reported by some observers near accomodation at Machan.

179.Rufous-breasted Accentor Prunella strophiata

Observed twice on Pulchowki, At the summit in full view on the 10th, and half-way up on the 21st.

180.Siberian Rubythroat Luscinia calliope

Seen by one observer at Kosi Tappu and Gaida.

181.Bluethroat Luscinia svecica

Seen at Kosi Tappu and Kosi Barrage.

182.Orange-flanked Bush-Robin Tarsiger cyanurus

Fairly frequently encountered on Pulchowki on all visits.

183.Golden Bush-Robin Tarsiger chrysaeus

Very brief views obtained of probably same individual on 2 days, mid-way up Pulchowki.

184.Asian Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis

Seen at most locations, including Chitwan and Kathmandu.

185.White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus

Only encountered in Sal forest near Parsa, at Machan and Gaida.

186.Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros

Recorded by other members of the tour at Godaveri.

187.Hodgson's Redstart Phoenicurus hodgsoni

Fairly common at Godaveri Fish Farm.

188.Blue-fronted Redstart Phoenicurus frontalis

Pair seen at Pulchowki and Godaveri Botanic Gardens.

189.White-throated Redstart Phoenicurus schisticeps

A possible of this species was seen at the summit of Pulchowki on the last day's birding, most of the group obtained fleeting glimpses of the same bird, Unfortunately however, the descriptions taken differed considerably and the available illustrations were so poor that it will have to remain tentative.

190.Plumbeous Redstart Rhyacornis fuliginosus

Fairly commonly recorded on most streams from Chitwan to Kathmandu, also observed at Godaveri Fish Farm.

191.Common Stonechat Saxicola torquata

Seen virtually every day throughout tour, unfortunately no subspecific observations appear to have been taken.

192.Hodgson's Bushchat Saxicola insignis

A female was observed by the river near the Hotel Blue Star on the 13th, and further birds may have been recorded by others of the group at Kosi Tappu.

193.Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata

A pair was first recorded near farmland at Gorkana on the 11th and then odd birds were recorded at Kosi Tappu and Chitwan.

194.Grey Bushchat Saxicola ferrea

Only recorded in the Godaveri area, where fairly plentiful.

195.Whinchat Saxicola rubetra

Birds possibly of this species were seen near Hotel Bluestar, Kathmandu and at Kosi Tappu by several observers, however no mention of them occurring in Nepal can be found in any available literature, although winter male Stonechat of the Siberian race `maura' is known to have a fairly pronounced white supercilium, which may be an answer.

196.White-capped River Chat Chaimarrornis leucocephalus

Fairly commonly seen on the Rapti and Trisuli Rivers and also at Godaveri.

197.Chestnut-bellied Rock Thrush Monticola rufiventris

Seen twice on the lower slopes of Pulchowki on the 10th and 21st.

198.Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius

Recorded by several observers on the 20th near the bridge at Mugling.

199.Blue Whistling Thrush Myiophoneus caeruleus

First seen in forest near Gaida, and at Godaveri Fish Farm and Botanic Gardens.

200.Plain-backed Mountain Thrush Zoothera mollisima

Single bird seen on lower slopes of Pulchowki on the 21st.

201.Scaly Thrush Zoothera dauma

Reasonably common at Pulchowki, Gorkana and Godaveri.

202.White-collared Blackbird Turdus albocinctus

Seen on several occasions mid-way up Pulchowki.

203.Grey-winged Blackbird Turdus boulboul

Seen once on lower slopes of Pulchowki and fair numbers feeding on fruit at Godaveri Botanical Gardens on the 23rd.

204.Eurasian Blackbird Turdus merula

Recorded by one observer at Godaveri on the 23rd.

205.Little Forktail Enicurus scouleri

Seen only by tour-guide near the bridge at Mugling on the 20th.

206.Black-backed Forktail Enicurus immaculatus

Several of this species by stream in forest on the 19th near Gaida.

207.Stub-tailed Bush Warbler Cettia squameiceps

A small drab brown bird (Approximately Dusky Warbler size, which were also present nearby) with a very short tail and a large distinct eye-stripe was present in scrub on the raised bank at Kosi Tappu on the 14th, allowing reasonable views for about 20 minutes. During that time it crept through bushes, climbed the trunks of small trees and hopped around the track in the open, allowing reasonable views by a number of tour members. Another bird probably of the same species was seen at Gaida on the 19th. Unfortunately during observation I was not aware of the species status in Nepal and so I failed to capitalize with photos or video-footage but as it appears to be a common winter migrant in northern Thailand, it's occurence in eastern Nepal would certainly not be too surprising.

208.Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis

Common at Kosi Tappu but not recorded elsewhere.

Prinia sp. Prinia

A bird of this genus was seen in long grass at Machan, unfortunately I am not aware if it was identified specifically.

209.Large Grass Warbler Graminicola benghalensis

Several birds probably of this species were seen briefly in the tall grass at Kosi Tappu.

210.Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius

Small numbers of these birds seen in most locations throughout tour.

211.Striated Marsh Warbler Megalurus palustris

Observed only at Kosi Tappu, where some were singing and displaying.

212.Clamorous Reed Warbler Acrocephalus stentoreus

A single was observed near the watchtower at Kosi Tappu on the 14th.

213.Golden-spectacled Warbler Seicercus burkii

First observed at Machan and fairly common at Gaida, some observers recorded the species at Godaveri.

214.Grey-cheeked Warbler Seicercus poliogenys

Recorded by some observers at Machan.

215.Chestnut-crowned Warbler Seicercus castaniceps

Recorded by some observers at Machan.

216.Grey-hooded Warbler Seicercus xanthoschistos

Fairly common at Pulchowki and Godaveri.

217.Greenish Warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides

Common at most sites visited.

218.Orange-barred Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus pulcher

Seen only at Pulchowki from mid-level to near summit.

219.Grey-faced Leaf warbler Phylloscopus maculipennis

Observed on lower levels of Pulchowki and at Godaveri Fish Farm.

220.Pallas's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus proregulus

First definite sighting was at Pashupatinath and later at Gaida.

221.Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus

Race Humei fairly common at Pulchowki and Gorkana.

222.Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus

Common at Kosi Tappu but not seen elsewhere.

223.Smoky Warbler Phylloscopus fuligiventer

Seen twice near Watchtower at Kosi Tappu, but not at Kosi Barrage.

224.Tickell's Warbler Phylloscopus affinis

Common at Kosi Tappu and occasionally seen at Chitwan.

225.Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita

Birds of the race tristis were common at Kosi Tappu, some appearing a very pale-brown colour.

226.Small Niltava Niltava macgrigoriae

Birds were observed at Gorkana and Godaveri Botanic Gardens.

227.Rufous-bellied Niltava Niltava sundara

Fairly common at Godaveri and Gorkana.

228.Pale-chinned Flycatcher Cyornis poliogenys

A single was present and singing near the accomodation at Machan on 17th and 18th.

229.Verditer Flycatcher Muscicapa thalassina

Singles seen at Kosi Tappu on 14th and Gaida on 19th.

230.Slaty-blue Flycatcher Ficedula tricolor

Females were recorded at Swayambhunath on the 12th and mid-level at Pulchowki on 21st and 23rd.

231.White-gorgetted Flycatcher Ficedula monileger

A single at Godaveri Fish Farm on the 21st was the only bird recorded and appeared to have less white on the breast than most illustrations show.

232.Orange-gorgetted Flycatcher Ficedula strophiata

Singles were recorded at Gorkana, Gaida and Godaveri.

233.Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula subrura

A possible resembling a winter plumage Red-breasted Flycatcher but with a much darker breast was present near the entrance to Gorkana Botanic Gardens on the 11th.

234.Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva

Very common and seen in most areas visited during tour.

235.Grey-headed Flycatcher Culicapa ceylonensis

First seen in Sal forest near Parsa Wildlife Refuge, fairly common at Chitwan and several seen at Godaveri Botanic Gardens.

236.Yellow-bellied Fantail Rhipidura hypoxantha

Common at sites around Kathmandu, but uncommon at lower elevations, such as Chitwan.

237.White-throated Fantail Rhipidura albicollis

Seen by some observers at Gorkana, and also recorded at Kosi Tappu on 14th.

238.White-browed Fantail Rhipidura aureola

Recorded by some observers with previous species at Kosi Tappu on 14th.

239.Puff-throated Babbler Pellorneum ruficeps

Only seen near accomodation at Gaida, where fairly common.

240.Rusty-cheeked Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus erythrogenys

Fairly common and calling at Godaveri Fish Farm on the 21st.

241.Black-chinned Babbler Stachyris pyrrhops

Seen at Godaveri Botanic Gardens and Fish Farm 21st and 23rd.

242.Striated Babbler Turdoides earlei

Common in grassland at Kosi Tappu and Chitwan.

243.Jungle Babbler Turdoides striatus

Seen in Sal forest near Parsa Wildlife Refuge and at Chitwan.

244.White-throated Laughing-thrush Garrulax albogularis

Several large parties seen at mid-level on Pulchowki.

245.White-crested Laughing-thrush Garrulax leucolophus

Seen only in Sal forest near Gaida on the 19th.

246.Streaked Laughing-thrush Garrulax lineatus

Observed on several occasions at mid-level on Pulchowki.

247.Chestnut-crowned Laughing-thrush Garrulax erythrocephalus

Seen by some observers on Pulchowki.

248.Red-faced Liocichla Liocichla phoenicea

Two possibles fitting the description of this species were seen at mid to high level on Pulchowki on the 23rd.

249.Red-billed Leiothrix Leiothrix lutea

First observed on the lower slopes of Pulchowki on the 21st and again at Godaveri Botanic Gardens on the 23rd.

250.Hoary Barwing Actinodura nipalensis

Only seen on Pulchowki, in `bird-wave'at mid-level on the 10th.

251.Chestnut-tailed Minla Minla strigula

Common at mid to high level on Pulchowki.

252.White-browed Fulvetta Alcippe vinipectus

Common on Pulchowki from the summit down to mid-level.

253.Black-capped Sibia Heterophasia capistrata

Very noisy and obvious on Pulchowki from mid to high level but not seen elsewhere on tour.

254.Whiskered Yuhina Yuhina flavicollis

Fairly common at mid to high level on Pulchowki.

255.Striped-throated Yuhina Yuhina gularis

Seen occasionally at high level on Pulchowki.

256.Rufous-vented Yuhina Yuhina occipitalis

Common at Pulchowki through most elevations.

257.White-bellied Yuhina Yuhina zantholeuca

First seen at Gorkana on the 11th, and later at Chitwan.

258.Black-throated Tit Aegithalos concinnus

Seen at Godaveri and from lower to mid levels of Pulchowki.

259.Great Tit Parus major

First seen near Parsa Wildlife Refuge and then commonly at Chitwan, also recorded at Godaveri on 23rd.

260.Green-backed Tit Parus monticolus

Only observed at Pulchowki and Chitwan.

261.Black-lored Tit Parus xanthogenys

Very common at Godaveri, Gorkana and the lower slopes of Pulchowki.

262.Velvet-fronted Nuthatch Sitta frontalis

First seen at Gorkana on the 11th and fairly frequently thereafter at most sites except Kosi Tappu.

263.White-tailed Nuthatch Sitta himalayensis

Reported by some observers on Pulchowki.

264.Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch Sitta castanea

Observed at most locations except higher elevations at Pulchowki.

265.Wallcreeper Tichadroma muraria

Several seen on banks of the Trisuli river at Mugling on the 20th.

266.Brown-throated Treecreeper Certhia discolor

Observed only at Godaveri Botanic Gardens on the 22nd and 23rd.

267.Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica

An adult male was in breeding plumage at Kosi Tappu on the 14th.

268.Mrs Gould's Sunbird Aethopyga gouldiae

Recorded by most observers on Pulchowki on the 10th.

269.Green-tailed Sunbird Aethopyga nipalensis

Common on most elevations at Pulchowki.

270.Crimson Sunbird Aethopyga siparaja

Observed only at Chitwan where fairly common.

271.Fire-tailed Sunbird Aethopyga ignicauda

Unfortunately only females or winter plumage males were seen at mid level on Pulchowki.

272.Little Spiderhunter Arachnothera longirostra

Single sighting at mid level on Pulchowki on the 10th.

273.Streaked Spiderhunter Arachnothera magna

A single sighting was recorded by some members near Gaida on the 19th.

274.Fire-breasted Flowerpecker Dicaeum ignipectus

First recorded at Pashupatinath on the 13th and again at Godaveri on the 22nd.

275.Oriental White-eye Zosterops palpebrosus

Recorded at all locations during tour.

276.Black-hooded Oriole Oriolus xanthornus

First seen at Kosi Tappu, and fairly frequently at Chitwan.

277.Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus

Only recorded at Kosi Tappu, where fairly common.

278.Long-tailed Shrike Lanius shach

Seen at most locations during tour being particularly common in the Kathmandu area, only the black-headed race was recorded.

279.Grey-backed Shrike Lanius tephronotus

First recorded near Gaida on the 19th, also seen at Godaveri.

280.Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus

Plentiful in most open areas throughout tour.

281.Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus

Encountered at Chitwan and Godaveri Fish Farm.

282.White-bellied Drongo Dicrurus caerulescens

Fairly common at Chitwan.

283.Bronzed Drongo Dicrurus aeneus

Common at Chitwan, often in Kapok trees with next species, also at Godaveri and Pulchowki.

284.Spangled Drongo Dicrurus hottentottus

Regularly seen at Chitwan but not elsewhere.

285.Greater Racket-tailed Drongo Dicrurus paradiseus

Only observed infrequently at Chitwan.

286.Ashy Woodswallow Artamus fuscus

Fairly common at Kosi Tappu but not elsewhere.

287.Red-billed Blue Magpie Urocissa erythrorhyncha

Seen at Machan and Godaveri Botanic Gardens but very shy and elusive.

288.Rufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda

Common at Kosi Tappu and Chitwan but less so elsewhere.

289.Grey Treepie Dendrocitta formosae

Not recorded before the 21st. Then fairly abundant at Godaveri and Pulchowki.

290.House Crow Corvus spendens

Very common in most areas throughout tour.

291.Jungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos

First encountered on the summit of Pulchowki then found to be plentiful in most areas throughout tour.

292.Jackdaw Corvus monedula

A single bird was seen on a couple of occasions close to the town of Godaveri.

293.Common Raven Corvus corax

Some members of the tour were sure they heard the calls at the summit of Pulchowki.

294.Chestnut-tailed Starling Sturnus malabaricus

Observed on 14th and 15th at Kosi Tappu.

295.Asian Pied Starling Sturnus contra

First seen near Biritnagar and then common at Kosi Tappu and Chitwan.

296.Common Mynah Acridotheres tristis

Common in most areas throughout tour.

297.Bank Mynah Acridotheres ginginianus

Seen only at Kosi Tappu.

298.Jungle Mynah Acridotheres fuscus

Common in the Kathmandu area but less so elsewhere.

299.House Sparrow Passer domesticus

Common throughout tour often side by side with Tree Sparrows.

300.Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus

Common in the Kathmandu area but less so elsewhere.

301.Black-breasted Weaver Ploceus benghalensis

Flocks of this species were in grass with Yellow-breasted Bunting at Kosi Tappu.

302.Red Avadavat Amandava amandava

Small flock at Kosi Tappu on 14th.

303.Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata

Observed at Kosi Tappu on the 15th and Godaveri on the 23rd.

304.Tibetan Serin Serinus thibetanus

A large flock of small finches flying across road near Godaveri on the 22nd were probably this species.

305.Yellow-breasted Greenfinch Carduelis spinoides

Found whilst searching for the previous species at Godaveri on the 22nd.

306.Plain Mountain-Finch Leucosticte nemoricola

A large flock of finches which fed at the summit of Pulchowki were almost certainly this species, at one time I had several birds feeding around my feet. Generally they were not unlike female Chaffinches but had distinctly brown crowns and a pale eyestripes, I was unaware of any birds that looked more colourful than the others although one person said that he saw one bird with a red tinge, and believed they were a species of Rosefinch, I feel inclined to disagree. Photographs were taken which may finalize identification.

307.Dark-breasted Rosefinch Carpodacus nipalensis

Only seen at mid to high level on Pulchowki on the 21st and 23rd.

308.Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus

Encountered only at Godaveri Fish Farm on the 21st and 22nd.

309.Beautiful Rosefinch Carpodacus pulcherrimus

Recorded by several tour members near the summit of Pulchowki on the 23rd.

310.Black-faced Bunting Emberiza spodocephala

After consulting available literature a single pointed out by an overseas birder at Kosi Tappu in a flock of Yellow-breasted Bunting may have been, on reflection, Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala.

311.Yellow-breasted Bunting Emberiza aureola

Very large flocks of this species were seen flying in and out of grassland at Kosi Tappu during stay.

312.Crested Bunting Melophus lathami

A pair was seen near watchtower at Kosi Tappu on the 14th.

Mammals

Great One-horned Indian Rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis

Captive calf at Machan (mother killed by poachers) and adults easily seen at Gaida.

Sambar Deer Cervus unicolor

Seen and heard by some observers at Machan.

Chital Deer Axis axis

Herds seen at Gorkana.

Barking Deer Muntiacus muntjak

Seen at Gorkana.

Leopard Panthera pardus

Some lucky observers saw one at Gaida.

Jackal Canis aureus

Common at night near tents at Kosi Tappu.

Common Langur Presbytis entellus

Seen on main road near Parsa Wildlife Refuge and at Gaida.

Rhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta

Common on some temples in Kathmandu and in sal forest at Machan.

Squirrel sp

Commonly seen in wooded areas but none identified specifically.

Smooth-coated Otter Lutra perspicillata

Seen by some observers near watchtower at Kosi Tappu.

Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsi

Pair observed at Kosi Tappu.